[vc_row][largura da coluna_vc=”1/1″][vc_column_text]

Dick McCall da Creative: O conflito é certo para Estados-nação sem instituições funcionais

Por Alexandra Pratt

[/vc_column_text][/vc_coluna][/vc_row][vc_row][largura da coluna_vc=”2/3″][vc_column_text]A reconstrução de Estados falidos requer uma boa dose de diplomacia, mas sem instituições eficazes para garantir o Estado de Direito e uma cidadania engajada, os esforços estão fadados ao fracasso, diz Dick McCall, Vice-presidente sênior de programas da Creative.

McCall apresentou-se no “Edifício do Estado-Nação 101 Workshop” sobre operações de manutenção da paz e reconciliação social para pessoal dos EUA. Departamento de Defesa e EUA. Instituto de Operações de Manutenção da Paz e Estabilidade da Escola de Guerra do Exército. O workshop foi realizado neste outono no Centro de Análise Naval em Alexandria, Virgínia.

Falando dos desafios pós-Guerra Fria, McCall disse que a etnia, religioso, cultural or nationalistic fault lines have led to the unraveling of “states with very few attributes of nationhood, such as the institutional underpinnings of legitimate governance, the foundation upon which viable nation states are built.”

“What we have failed to understand is that once an authoritarian state collapses or is overthrown, there is no institutional underpinning or coherence in these societies,” McCall said. “In the absence of functioning institutions that reflect a working consensus within these societies, particularly those diverse in their ethnic and sectarian makeup, the potential for re-emergence of violent conflict is a certainty.”

McCall is no stranger to on-the-ground complexities of conflict and reconciliation. He was engaged in the peace process between the warring sides in El Salvador and helped stabilize ethnic differences in the aftermath of genocide in Rwanda.

“In virtually every conflict or post-conflict country in which I have worked, I have found there to be a strong identity at the community level, ethnic or sectarian, but no sense of national identity. The processes of institution building at all levels of society can transcend the divisive nature of localism, or communalism, such as ethnic and sectarian,” McCall said. “Institutions reflect the accepted rules of the game, clearly defining individual rights and responsibilities within the broader community of interests.”[/vc_column_text][/vc_coluna][largura da coluna_vc=”1/12″][/vc_coluna][largura da coluna_vc=”1/4″][vc_widget_sidebar barra lateral_id=”barra lateral primária”][/vc_coluna][/vc_row]